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In this study, we theoretically propose a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor composed of a plasmonic gold film, double negative (DNG) metamaterial, graphene-MoS2-COOH Van der Waals heterostructures and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). We use a novel scheme of Goos-Hanchen (GH) shift to study the biosensing performances of our proposed plasmonic biosensor. The calculation results show that, both an extreme low reflectivity of 8.52x10(-10) and significantly enhanced GH sensitivity of 2.1530x10(7) mu m/RIU can be obtained, corresponding to the optimal configuration: 32 nm Au film/120 nm metamaterial/4-layer graphene/4-layer MoS2-COOH. In addition, there is a theoretically excellent linear response between the concentration of target analytes (SARS-CoV-2 and S protein) and the change in differential GH shift. Our proposed biosensor promises to be a useful tool for performing the novel coronavirus detection.
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The immune system is developed to preserve its hosts from an ever-expanding cluster of pathogenic microbes. The elimination of toxic substances, allergens, or any other harmful existences that come in, passing the mucosal surfaces, is as well the responsibility of this special system. Its ability to distinguish self (our bodies' functioning cells and tissues) from non-self is the key aspect to its ability to mobilize some reaction to an invasion initiated by the stranger substances listed above. To identify and kill unsafe microorganisms, the host applies both natural and versatile systems, our innate and adaptive immune systems. Vaccines are used to combat the current SARS-CoV-2 strain by utilizing immune system mechanisms, specifically the adaptive immune system. Vectored vaccines, protein vaccines, genetic vaccine, and monoclonal antibody for passive vaccination are among the vaccine platforms under consideration for SARS-CoV-2. Each vaccine has its own benefits and drawbacks. This paper is written to describe the three major forms of COVID-19 vaccines, as well as the unique mechanisms of elements of the immune system associated with the virus. © 2023 SPIE.
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At present, the filtration of virus and other small particles in the air by meltblown cloth produced by electret treatment mainly depends on its electrostatic adsorption mechanism. However, because the surface charge of melt blown fabric can not be maintained for a long time, it can not maintain high efficiency filtration for a long time. Therefore, there is no guarantee for the medical staffs to not be infected by COVID-19. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the mechanical filtration efficiency of melt blown fabric in the situation of an electric charge loss. In this paper, nylon 6 (PA6) nanofibers were electrospun on melt blown cloth by electrospinning technology, and a sandwich material with melt blown cloth as surface layer and PA6 nanofibers as middle layer was made by hot- pressing technology;the surface morphology, thermal and mechanical properties of the sandwich material were characterized, and its filtration performance was tested. The experimental results show that the surface integrity of the sandwich material is high, and the diameter of nanofibers can reach about 67 nm;without the electret treatment, the filtration efficiency of the sandwich material for particles in an size of 0.2 μm is more than 95%,while the filtration efficiency of non-woven fabric is zero;the filtration resistance of the material is about 284 Pa, which is suitable for personal protection. © 2023 Chengdu University of Science and Technology. All rights reserved.
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The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still a challenge because of its diversity and mutations. The binding interactions of the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor and the spike protein are relevant for the SARS-CoV-2 virus to enter the cell. Consequently, it is important and helpful to analyze binding activities and the changes in the structure of the ACE2 receptor and the spike protein. Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy is able to analyze small concentrations of the proteins without contact, non-invasively and label-free. In this work, we present a SERS based approach in the visible wavelength range to analyze and study the binding interactions of the ACE2 receptor and the spike protein. SERS measurements of the ACE2 receptor, the spike protein and the ACE2-spike complex were performed. Additionally, an inhibitor was used to prevent the spike protein from binding to ACE2 and to compare the results. The analysis of the measured SERS spectra reveals structural differences and changes due to binding activities. Thus, we show that the performed SERS based approach can help for rapid and non-invasive analysis of binding interactions of the ACE2-spike complex and also of protein binding in general. © 2023 SPIE.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the most frequent Asn501 polar uncharged amino acid mutations upon important structural properties of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) Surface Glycoprotein RBD–hACE2 (human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2) heterodimer. Mutations N501Y, N501T and N501S were considered and their impact upon complex solubility, secondary motifs formation and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interface was analyzed. Results and findings are reported based on 50 ns run in Gromacs molecular dynamics simulation software. Special attention is paid on the biomechanical shifts in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) [499-505]: ProThrAsn(Tyr)GlyValGlyTyr, having substituted Asparagine to Tyrosine at position 501. The main findings indicate that the N501S mutation increases SARS-CoV-2 S-protein RBD–hACE2 solubility over N501T, N501 (wild type): (Formula presented.), (Formula presented.). The N501Y mutation shifts (Formula presented.) -helix S-protein RBD [366-370]: SerValLeuTyrAsn into π-helix for t > 38.5 ns. An S-protein RBD [503-505]: ValGlyTyr shift from (Formula presented.) -helix into a turn is observed due to the N501Y mutation in t > 33 ns. An empirical proof for the presence of a Y501-binding pocket, based on RBD [499-505]: PTYGVGY (Formula presented.) 's RMSF peak formation is presented. There is enhanced electrostatic interaction between Tyr505 (RBD) phenolic -OH group and Glu37 (hACE2) side chain oxygen atoms due to the N501Y mutation. The N501Y mutation shifts the (Formula presented.) hydrogen bond into permanent polar contact;(Formula presented.);(Formula presented.). © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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Recent advancements in nanotechnology have resulted in improved medicine delivery to the target site. Nanosponges are three-dimensional drug delivery systems that are nanoscale in size and created by cross-linking polymers. The introduction of Nanosponges has been a significant step toward overcoming issues such as drug toxicity, low bioavailability, and predictable medication release. Using a new way of nanotechnology, nanosponges, which are porous with small sponges (below one microm) flowing throughout the body, have demonstrated excellent results in delivering drugs. As a result, they reach the target place, attach to the skin's surface, and slowly release the medicine. Nanosponges can be used to encapsulate a wide range of medicines, including both hydrophilic and lipophilic pharmaceuticals. The medication delivery method using nanosponges is one of the most promising fields in pharmacy. It can be used as a biocatalyst carrier for vaccines, antibodies, enzymes, and proteins to be released. The existing study enlightens on the preparation method, evaluation, and prospective application in a medication delivery system and also focuses on patents filed in the field of nanosponges.Copyright © 2023 The Authors.
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Nanofibers are a type of nanomaterial with a diameter ranging from ten to a few hundred nanometers with a high surface-to-volume ratio and porosity. They can build a network of high-porosity material with excellent connectivity within the pores, making them a preferred option for numerous applications. This review explores nanofibers from the synthesis techniques to fabricate nanofibers, with an emphasis on the technological applications of nanofibers like water and air filtration, photovoltaics, batteries and fuel cells, gas sensing, photocatalysis, and biomedical applications like wound dressing and drug delivery. The nanofiber production market has an expected compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 6% and should reach around 26 million US $ in 2026. The limitations and potential opportunities for large-scale applications of nano-fibrous membranes are also discussed. We expect this review could provide enriched information to better understand Electrospun Polymer Nanofiber Technology and recent advances in this field. © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
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BackgroundAnti-MDA5 antibody positive dermatomyositis (MDA5-DM) is characterized by high mortality due to rapid progressive ILD. MDA5 is a cytosolic protein and a family of RIG-I like receptor, which functions as a virus RNA sensor and induces the production of such as type-1 IFN. Although little is known about the pathogenesis of MDA5-DM, it is notable that the similarities were reported between COVID-19 infection and MDA5-DM. It may suggest that there is a common underlying autoinflammatory mechanism. We reported that in MDA5-DM, (1) RIG-I-like receptor signaling is enhanced and (2) antiviral responses such as type 1 IFN signaling are also enhanced as compare with anti-ARS-antibody positive DM, and (3) the key for survival is suppression of RIG-I-like and IFN signaling (EULAR2022, POS0390). We also found that a significant role for uncontrolled macrophage in the pathogenesis of ILD by our autopsy case. Recently, it has been reported that tacrolimus (TAC) and cyclophosphamide (CY) combination therapy (TC-Tx) has improved the prognosis of cases with early onset of the disease, but there are cases that cannot be saved. Therefore, we devised BRT therapy (BRT-Tx). The Tx combines baricitinib (BAR), which inhibits GM-CSF and IFN-mediated signaling and effectively suppresses uncontrolled macrophages, with rituximab (RTX) and TAC, which rapidly inhibits B and T cell interaction and ultimately prevents anti-MDA5 antibody production.ObjectivesTo determine the differences in gene expression between BRT and TC-Tx for MDA5-DM in peripheral blood.MethodsTotal of 6 MDA5-DM (TC: 3, BRT: 3) were included and all of them had multiple poor prognostic factors. Peripheral whole blood was collected at just before and 2-3 months after the treatment. RNA was extracted, and quantified using a next-generation sequencer. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were identified by pre vs. post treatment. Gene Ontology (GO), clustering and Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) were performed to DEGs. As one BRT case was added since our last year's report, we also reanalyzed the surviving vs. fatal cases. The IFN signature was scored separately for Types 1, 2, and 3, and the changes between pre- and post-treatment were investigated.ResultsTwo of three cases with TC died during treatment, while all three cases on BRT recovered. The cluster analysis of the DEGs separated deaths from survivors, not by type of treatment. Comparing surviving and dead cases, GO analysis revealed that the immune system via immunoglobulins and B cells was significantly suppressed in surviving cases. GO analysis of DEGs in each therapeutic group showed that expression of B cell-related genes such as lymphocyte proliferation and B cell receptor signaling pathway were significantly suppressed in BRT-Tx. On the other hand, TC-Tx significantly suppressed such pathways as cell proliferation and cell surface receptor signaling, and was less specific for the target cells than BRT-Tx. The changes in IFN signature score after treatment showed an increase in type 2 and 3 IFN scores in all fatal cases and an increase in type 1 IFN score in one fatal case.ConclusionBRT-Tx significantly suppressed gene expression associated with B cells, while TC-Tx was characterized by low specificity of therapeutic targets and suppression of total cell proliferation. Comparison of surviving and dead cases revealed that the combination of RTX contributed to the success of treatment, as suppression of the immune system mediated by immunoglobulins and B cells is the key for survival. Analysis of the IFN signature revealed an increase in IFN score after treatment in fatal cases, indicating that the combination of BAR is beneficial. The superiority of BRT-Tx seems clear from the fact that all patients survived with BRT-Tx while only one/three patients survived with TC-Tx.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsMoe Sakamoto: None declared, Yu Nakai: None declared, Yoshiharu Sato: None declared, Yoshinobu Koyama Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Asahikasei, Ayumi, BMS, Esai, Eli-Lilly, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Grant/research support from: Abbvie, GSK.
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Introduction: The Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic mediated by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-CoV2 (SARS-CoV2), made the use of face masks mandatory to check the spread of the disease. With the increased use of face masks, more people started presenting to the ophthalmologist with symptoms of dry eye. The proposed mechanism of dry eye was attributed to air blowing upwards from behind the mask into the eyes, especially in loose fitting masks. This air leads to rapid evaporation of tears and disturbance of homeostasis of the tear film.Aim: To measure self reported symptoms of dry eye and to establish mask use as a risk factor for the development of Dry Eye Disease (DED) in healthcare workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at Nilratan Sircar (NRS) Medical College and Hospital for a duration of three months from December 2021 to February 2022. The study was conducted on 146 participants. An online survey was conducted using Google Forms, sent via email to hospital employees working in different departments of the hospital. All healthcare workers employed at NRS Medical College and Hospital who wore a face mask during duty hours and were willing to participate in the study were included. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire was used and modified by adding "while wearing a facemask" to the end of each question. To establish face mask use as a causative agent for development of DED, a few other questions related to face mask usage were included in the survey. The data was tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analysed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24. Results: The mean age of the study population was 27.4+/-8.28 years. The mean hours of wearing a mask was 6.38+/-3.04 hours. N95 face mask was the most common type of mask used. The study population included 100 doctors, 14 nursing staff, 18 optometrists, eight group D staff (sweepers and ward attendants), and six dieticians. The mean OSDI score was 14.24. Increased usage of face masks, in particular surgical, more hours of reading significantly correlated with higher incidence of DED. Conclusion: This study showed that increased hours of face mask use in particular surgical was associated with development of DED. To encourage more people to wear face masks, all possible problems arising from face mask use should be promptly identified and dealt with.
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Bitcoin has become quite known after the 2008 economic crisis and the COVID-19 health crisis. For some, these cryptocurrencies constitute rebellion against the existing system as governments encourage uncontrolled expansions in the money supply;for some others, it is a quick source of income. Undeniably, the volume of the crypto money market has grown considerably in recent years, regardless of the reasoning of the people who invest and trade in this field. At this point, one of the most important questions to be investigated is "what variables have caused the tremendous growth in the crypto money quantities in recent years?" This study tests the assumption that changes in cryptocurrencies are affected by changes in national currencies. Thus, the Bitcoin price is the dependent variable, and M1 monetary supply changes in the USA, European Union and Japanese economies are considered independent variables. The variables in this study were tested using the time-varying Granger causality method. The results obtained from this study confirm the philosophy of Bitcoin's emergence and the possibility that it can be a hedge against the inflationary effects of money, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Leading up to its landing on Mars on February 18, 2021, the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover Surface Mission Operations System (MOS) underwent a verification and validation (V&V) campaign consisting of a series of Super Thread Tests and Operational Readiness Tests. This V&V campaign emphasized incremental testing, mission scenario and capability coverage, and the Test-As-You-Fly approach wherever possible. Although the elements that comprise the Surface System underwent their own internal V&V campaigns, the system-level tests were vital in uncovering findings observable only through the integrated and flight-like nature of these Surface Mission Operations System V & V tests. The COVID-19 pandemic posed additional challenges, including limited facility access, constrained in-person activities, changes to operations paradigms, and evolving safety protocols in the midst of the testing campaign and preparation for surface operations. This paper describes the Verification and Validation campaign of the Mars 2020 Perseverance Rover Surface Mission Operations System that led to the readiness for rover operations on Mars. © 2023 IEEE.
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Immunosuppressive drugs are used for treating coronavirus disease 2019COVID-19pneumonia. This study examined the current status of screening and monitoring patients with COVID-19 pneumonia treated with immunosuppressive agents for hepatitis B virusHBVreactivation. Of 123 patients whose hepatitis B surface antigen level was measured, 2 were HBsAg-positive. Antihepatitis B core/surface antibodies were measured in all 121 HBsAg-negative patients. HBV DNA was measured in 31 of 32 patients who were positive for either or both antihepatitis B core/surface antibodies. Of 34 patients requiring regular monitoring, only 4 were monitored. The HBV monitoring rate at the initiation of COVID-19 treatment was high. How-ever, HBV monitoring after COVID-19 treatment was difficult because most patients were transferred to other hospitals or had their treatment terminated.Copyright © 2022 Takeshi Matsui et al.
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The patient presented with fever and appetite loss. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a moderate grade 2 pneumonia. Besides, further blood examination showed his HB antigen as negative, anti-HBs/c anti-body as positive, and HBV DNA level as 1.0 LIU/mL. Therefore, he was diagnosed with COVID-19. Administered treatments comprised oxygen inhalation and steroid therapy, including pulses, remdesivir, and baricitinib, which improved pneumonia. Interestingly, one month posttreatment, his HBV DNA level in-creased to 1.4 LIU/mL, followed by a further increase to 1.7 LIU/Ml, showing an improvement. Tenofovir alafenamide fumarate was thus administered. In clinical practice, immunosuppressive therapy is used for patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumo-nia. However, close attention should also be paid to the elevation of blood HBV DNA levels during and after treatment.Copyright © 2022 The Japan Society of Hepatology.
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Objectives: The 90-day double-blind phase (DBP) of the Phase 3 EASE study demonstrated accelerated wound healing for Oleogel-S10 (birch triterpenes) versus control gel in epidermolysis bullosa (EB). Here, we report safety and total wound burden results from the 24-month open-label phase (OLP) in which all patients received treatment with Oleogel-S10. Method(s): Total wound burden was assessed using EB Disease Activity and Scarring Index (EBDASI) and Body Surface Area Percentage (BSAP). Data are reported without visit windows to reflect a realworld situation more accurately, particularly considering the COVID- 19 pandemic. Result(s): The patient population was made up of dystrophic EB (n = 178, 86.8%) and junctional EB (n = 25, 12.2%);71.7% (n = 147) of patients were aged <18 years. 141 patients (68.8%) completed the OLP. The mean (SD) treatment duration for all patients was 584.7 (246.1) days. Adverse events were reported in 77.1% of all patients in the OLP versus 81.7% of those receiving Oleogel-S10 in the DBP. Mean BSAP for patients treated with Oleogel-S10 in the DBP reduced from 12.1% at study entry to 6.1% with 27 months of treatment. Similarly, the mean EBDASI skin activity score in the Oleogel-S10 group improved from 19.6 to 15.1 after 27 months. In addition, reductions in both BSAP and EBDASI from OLP baseline were observed in patients who transitioned from control gel to Oleogel-S10 in the OLP. Discussion(s): These data support a reassuring long-term safety profile of Oleogel-S10. Furthermore, the reduction in wound burden previously reported with 15 months of Oleogel-S10 treatment is maintained to the end of OLP. This is encouraging given the nature of this chronic genetic disorder in which there is regular cycling of patients' fragile wounds.
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The role of contaminated surfaces as a potential source for SARS-CoV-2 transmission has not been clear at the beginning of the pandemic. Numerous laboratory studies show that SARS-CoV-2 can remain infectious at room temperature on different types of surfaces for a few days and substantially longer in the dark. A higher temperature such as 30 °C or 40 °C and a higher relative humidity result in a shorter persistence. On surfaces in the surrounding of confirmed COVID-19 patients the detection rates of SARS-CoV-2 RNA were mostly less than 30% with Ct-values mostly >30 suggesting a low viral load and the absence of infectious SARS-CoV-2. The RNA detection rates on public surfaces were low with 0-22.1%, the corresponding Ct values were mostly >30. Infectious SARS-CoV-2 was only detected in 2 of 11 studies in the immediate surrounding of COVID-19 patients with 0.7% or 10.5% of the samples being positive. A major limitation of the results, however, is that in one study 7 of 8 positive samples were obtained in the surrounding of only one patient with persistent cough and frequent sputum spitting during sampling. Overall, the probability of surfaces to be the source of SARS-CoV-2 transmission is low, especially for public surfaces. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022.
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A technique is implemented for the generation of multiple Fano-resonances in a plasmonic waveguide based rectangular cavity. A rectangular cavity provides four Fano peaks which can further be increased to nine by inserting the metallic bars in it. The trapped surface plasmon polaritons by metallic bars cause the generation of multiple Fano peaks over the wavelength range of 450 nm - 1300 nm. The obtained response is validated through Fano profile and Fano shape parameter is calculated for each resonance peak. The performance of the proposed device is numerically studied as refractive index sensor and method for analyzing the detection of pathogenic virus like SARS-Cov-2 is reported. Out of nine Fano peaks, the best values of sensing performance indices are obtained with full-width, half-maxima of 1.7 nm, quality factor of 405, sensitivity of 1145.71 nm/RIU and figure of merit of 393.25 RIU-1. IEEE
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Introduction: This work was devoted to an in silico investigation conducted on twenty-eight Tacrine-hydroxamate derivatives as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease using DFT and QSAR modeling techniques. Method(s): The data set was randomly partitioned into a training set (22 compounds) and a test set (6 compounds). Then, fourteen models were built and were used to compute the predicted pIC50 of compounds belonging to the test set. Result(s): Al built models were individualy validated using both internal and external validation methods, including the Y-Randomization test and Golbraikh and Tropsha's model acceptance criteria. Then, one model was selected for its higher R2, R2test, and Q2cv values (R2 = 0.768, R2adj = 0.713, MSE = 0.304, R2test=0.973, Q2cv = 0.615). From these outcomes, the activity of the studied compounds toward the main protease of Cholinesterase (AChEs) seems to be influenced by 4 descriptors, i.e., the total dipole moment of the molecule (mu), number of rotatable bonds (RB), molecular topology radius (MTR) and molecular topology polar surface area (MTPSA). The effect of these descriptors on the activity was studied, in particular, the increase in the total dipole moment and the topological radius of the molecule and the reduction of the rotatable bond and topology polar surface area increase the activity. Conclusion(s): Some newly designed compounds with higher AChEs inhibitory activity have been designed based on the best-proposed QSAR model. In addition, ADMET pharmacokinetic properties were carried out for the proposed compounds, the toxicity results indicate that 7 molecules are nontoxic.Copyright © 2023 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Herein, refined LaxCa0.89-xSr0.11MnO3 (LCSMO, x = 0.65, 0.68, 0.71 and 0.74) films were prepared through the sol-gel spin-coating. The influence of La3+ content on the structural properties of LCSMO films was investigated by X-ray diffraction and Atomic force microscope, demonstrating that LCSMO films can grow well on SrTiO3 (00l) substrate. Besides, X-ray photoemission spectroscopy verified the double exchange (DE) effect was weakened with La3+ dopant. The La3+ doping and interconnected grains boundaries (GBs) led to the weakening DE effect and GBs scattering, respectively. Due to superior GBs connectivity, the resistivity of LCSMO films was less than 7.1 x 10(-4) Omega.cm at low temperature of 100 K. Importantly, it is an effective control method to keep the temperature (T-k) corresponding to temperature coefficient of resistivity (TCR) at room temperature with Sr2+ content as constant in LCSMO films. At x = 0.71, the peak TCR value was found to be 8.84%/K and corresponding T-k was 283.15 K. These results are beneficial for advanced application of uncooling infrared bolometer.
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The Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation (EMIT) acquires new observations of the Earth from a state-of-the-art, optically fast F/1.8 visible to short wavelength infrared imaging spectrometer with high signal-to-noise ratio and excellent spectroscopic uniformity. EMIT was launched to the International Space Station from Cape Canaveral, Florida, on July 14, 2022 local time. The EMIT instrument is the latest in a series of more than 30 imaging spectrometers and testbeds developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, beginning with the Airborne Imaging Spectrometer that first flew in 1982. EMIT's science objectives use the spectral signatures of minerals observed across the Earth's arid and semi-arid lands containing dust sources to update the soil composition of advanced Earth System Models (ESMs) to better understand and reduce uncertainties in mineral dust aerosol radiative forcing at the local, regional, and global scale, now and in the future. EMIT has begun to collect and deliver high-quality mineral composition determinations for the arid land regions of our planet. Over 1 billion high-quality mineral determinations are expected over the course of the one-year nominal science mission. Currently, detailed knowledge of the composition of the Earth's mineral dust source regions is uncertain and traced to less than 5,000 surface sample mineralogical analyses. The development of the EMIT imaging spectrometer instrumentation was completed successfully, despite the severe impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. The EMIT Science Data System is complete and running with the full set of algorithms required. These tested algorithms are open source and will be made available to the broader community. These include calibration to measured radiance, atmospheric correction to surface reflectance, mineral composition determination, aggregation to ESM resolution, and ESM runs to address the science objectives. In this paper, the instrument characteristics, ground calibration, in-orbit performance, and early science results are reported. © 2023 IEEE.
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Amid concerns over airflow-induced transmission of the COVID-19 virus in buildings frequented by large numbers of people, such as offices, the necessity for radiant ceiling heating panels has increased. This is due to the concern that the airflows emitted from the convection heating systems installed near the ceiling or windows for winter heating may be a major cause of COVID-19 transmission. In this study, we aim to evaluate thermal comfort under various indoor and outdoor environmental conditions of a building and present the thermal output conditions of the radiant ceiling heating panel that can replace the convection heating system while ensuring comfort in the perimeter zone and handling the heating load. As a result, we were able to present, in a chart format, the thermal output conditions that can secure thermal comfort by analyzing the indoor airflow distribution depending on the surface temperature of the radiant ceiling heating panel, the interior surface temperature of the window, and the influence of internal heat generation. Moreover, through derived empirical formulas, we were able to determine the heating conditions of the panel that can secure the necessary heat dissipation while minimizing discomfort, such as downdrafts, even for indoor and outdoor conditions that were not evaluated in this study.